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Lately, one of my numerous mailed me to know how to identify a fully charged battery. This prompted me to post this article, to help him and others who face problem of battery overcharging . The indications of a fully-charge cell are: Gassing Voltage Specific gravity Colour of the plates If you cannot wait to start YOUR OWN ELECTRIC CONVERSION : I employ you to Click Here NOW !   Gassing When the cell is fully charged, it freely gives off hydrogen off at cathode and oxygen at the anode, the process being known as ‘gassing’. Gassing at both plates indicates that the current is no longer doing any useful work and hence should be stopped. Moreover, when the cell is fully charged, the electrolyte assumes a milky appearance. Voltage The voltages cease to rise when the cell becomes fully-charged.  The value of the voltage of a fully-charged cell is a variable quantity being affected by the rate of charging, the temperature and specific gravity of the elec...

Portable Batteries These are used for starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) in internal-combustion-engine vehicles. Examples are: lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries etc.   Vehicle Traction Batteries This is the class of battery we will be dwelling such on. The recent universal concern over the levels of toxic gases (particularly in urban areas) emitted by the internal combustion engines has revived interest in electric traction. There has been great development in the use of battery-powered vehicles, primarily industrial trucks  and commercial road vehicles of various types like ‘milk float’ (i.e. bottled-milk delivery trucks), fork lift trucks, mining, airport tractors, aircraft service vehicles, electric cars and more recently, in robotics and guided vehicles.   Traction batteries are often of higher quality than portable batteries. They provide constant output voltage, high volumetric capacity, good resistance to vibration and a long service lif...